Cấu trúc tổ chức của máy dệt kim tròn

Knitted fabrics can be divided into single-knit and double-knit.

Single-knit: Fabric woven with a single needle bed.

Double-knit: Fabric woven with a double needle bed.

Có phải khôngknit fabric is single or double-knit depends on the knitting method.

1. Warp Knit Structure

Warp knit structure is formed by consecutively looping the same unit coil in one direction. The two sides of the warp knit structure have different geometric forms. The front side exhibits a smooth and clean appearance, as the coil columns and the longitudinal arrangement of coils are angled. The back side, however, has coil arcs and longitudinal arrangement in the same direction, causing significant diffuse reflection, resulting in a darker appearance. The warp knit structure has a smooth surface, clear patterns, fine texture, and a silky touch. It exhibits good stretchability both horizontally and vertically, with greater horizontal than vertical extensibility. It possesses good moisture absorption and breathability but may experience some unraveling and edge curling, and occasional coil distortion. Commonly used for the production of intimate apparel, T-shirts, and similar fabrics.

2. Rib Knit Structure

Rib knit structure is formed by the alternating arrangement of coil columns on the front and back sides following a specific pattern. The coil columns on the front and back sides do not lie on the same plane, and each side's coil columns are contiguous with each other. Rib knit structures come in various types, represented by numbers indicating the combination of coil columns on the front and back sides, such as 1x1 rib, 2x2 rib, or 5x3 rib, resulting in different appearances and performance characteristics. Rib knit structures exhibit good elasticity and stretchability in both longitudinal and transverse directions, with greater extensibility horizontally. Rib knit structures can only unravel in the reverse knitting direction. In rib structures where the number of coil columns on the front and back sides is the same, such as 1x1 rib, forces causing edge curling balance each other, preventing edge curling. Rib knit structures are commonly used for producing form-fitting elastic underwear, casual clothing, swimwear, and elastic parts like collars, cuffs, and hems.

3. Double Rib Knit Structure

Double rib knit structure, commonly known as cotton plush structure, is formed by the combination of two rib knit structures. Both sides of the double rib knit structure exhibit coil columns on the front side. The extensibility and elasticity of double rib knit structures are smaller than those of rib knit structures, and unraveling is only possible in the reverse knitting direction. When individual coil columns break, the presence of another rib knit structure's coil columns hinders unraveling, resulting in minimal unraveling, a smooth fabric surface, and no edge curling. Different colored yarns and methods can be used during knitting to achieve various color effects and different vertical textured stripes. Commonly used for the production of form-fitting underwear, sportswear, and casual clothing fabrics.

4. Additional Yarn Structure

Additional yarn structure refers to a knitting structure where some or all coil columns are formed by two or more yarns. Generally, two yarns are used for knitting, and using two yarns with different twists can eliminate the phenomenon of coil distortion in warp-knitted fabrics, ensuring uniform thickness. Additional yarn structures can be classified into solid color and multi-color structures. In solid color additional yarn structures, all coil columns are formed by two or more yarns, with the face yarn often on the fabric's front side and the ground yarn on the fabric's back side. Solid color additional yarn structures have greater density than warp-knit structures, with smaller stretchability and unraveling than warp-knit structures. Commonly used for the production of innerwear, sportswear, and casual clothing fabrics.

5. Padding Structure

Cấu trúc làm đầy bao gồm hình thành một vòng cung nổi không đóng với một hoặc nhiều sợi làm đầy trong một số trụ cuộn dây, trong khi trụ cuộn dây còn lại có sợi nổi ở phía sau của vải. Sợi nối đất bện cấu trúc nối đất của cấu trúc lót, sợi lót bện vòng cung nổi không kín để tạo thành cấu trúc lót. Cấu trúc làm đầy chủ yếu được sử dụng để sản xuất vải sang trọng, lông chải trong quá trình hoàn thiện nâng sợi làm đầy thành nhung ngắn, tăng độ ấm của vải. Nó thường được sử dụng để sản xuất áo khoác len, quần áo trẻ em, quần áo thường ngày, áo phông, v.v.

6. Loop Pile Structure

Loop pile structure is formed by combining plain knit coil columns and loop pile coil columns with elongated settling arcs. Typically, two yarns are used for knitting. One yarn weaves the ground structure, and the other yarn weaves coil columns with loop piles. Loop pile structures can be classified into regular loop pile structures and patterned loop pile structures, as well as single-faced and double-faced structures. In regular loop pile structures, each loop pile column forms a loop, while in patterned loop pile structures, loops are formed only in specific coil columns, according to a pattern. Single-faced loop pile structures form loops only on the fabric's reverse side, while double-faced loop pile structures form loops on both the fabric's front and reverse sides. Loop pile structures provide good insulation, moisture absorption, softness, and thickness. Suitable for sleepwear, bathrobes, and similar fabrics.

7. Color Bar Structure

The color bar effect is achieved by forming horizontal stripes using different types of yarns. This effect can be created by interweaving colored yarns or yarns with different properties, followed by dyeing. The use of different organizational structures, such as rib or double rib combined with single-faced structures, or combined with loop pile structures, can create horizontal textured stripe effects on the fabric's surface. Common examples include rib air layer structures and rib loop pile structures, which, compared to rib structures, have less stretchability, offering softness, good elasticity, dimensional stability, and a firm texture. These fabrics find wide applications in knitted outerwear, children's clothing, and sportswear.

In addition to the mentioned structures, other structures like single-faced pile structures, double-faced structures, plush loop structures, backing warp structures, additional warp structures, and backing structures can also create horizontal stripes on fabrics.

8. Organizations with Vertical Stripe Effects

Hiệu ứng sọc thẳng đứng chủ yếu đạt được thông qua những thay đổi trong cấu trúc mô. Nhiều loại vải được sử dụng cho áo khoác có thể được thiết kế để có hiệu ứng sọc dọc, bao gồm cấu trúc terry, cấu trúc composite gân, cấu trúc composite gân đôi và cấu trúc lấp đầy. Vải có sọc thẳng đứng được hình thành bởi cấu trúc terry thích hợp để sản xuất quần áo mùa xuân và mùa thu. Cấu trúc có gân, chẳng hạn như cấu trúc nổi có gân, tạo ra các sọc kết cấu thẳng đứng trên bề mặt của vải. Cấu trúc đường may có gân có độ dẻo ngang thấp và độ ổn định kích thước tuyệt vời, phù hợp với quần áo thể thao và áo khoác trong mùa xuân và mùa thu. Ngoài ra, việc sử dụng cấu trúc nổi rộng có thể tạo ra các sọc kết cấu thẳng đứng giống như nhung vải trên bề mặt của vải. Những loại vải này thường được dệt từ sợi polyester có độ đàn hồi thấp và rất thích hợp để làm áo khoác vào mùa thu đông, mặc dù chúng có thể dễ dàng vón cục và móc do cấu trúc không đồng đều của cuộn dây, dẫn đến giảm độ bền của vải.

Furthermore, raised flower structures, loop pile structures, and additional yarn structures can also produce vertical stripe effects on fabrics.

9. Mesh Structure

Mesh-effect fabrics are widely used in T-shirts and spring/autumn outerwear. By interweaving knit stitches and looped stitches with elongated settling arcs, a mesh effect is formed, often referred to as pearl fabric. Depending on whether the number of plain knit stitches and looped stitches is approximately equal or unequal, various pearl fabrics can be created using an alternating chessboard-like arrangement. Fabrics with this structure exhibit excellent breathability. Double pearl fabrics, woven with combed cotton yarn, can be treated to achieve a sparkling mesh effect, resembling pearls. These fabrics are ideal for summer and spring/autumn clothing. Ribbed structures with added loop and float stitches create a honeycomb-shaped mesh effect, offering good breathability, low longitudinal and transverse extensibility, making them suitable for spring and autumn outerwear. Combining double-ribbed and loop structures creates a honeycomb mesh effect on the fabric surface. These fabrics are thicker than ribbed loop structures, have low extensibility, good resilience, structure, and dimensional stability, making them excellent materials for casual wear in spring and autumn. Fabrics with these structures are often used in moisture-wicking textiles.

10. Jacquard Structure

Jacquard structure involves placing yarns according to the desired pattern on selected needles to create patterns on the fabric. It can be categorized into single-faced and double-faced jacquard fabrics based on the organizational structure, and into solid color and multi-color jacquard fabrics based on color. There are also jacquard loop knit fabrics and jacquard rib knit fabrics. Materials used include low-elasticity polyester, nylon, elastic nylon, nylon filament, acrylic, wool, cotton, and polyester-cotton blends. Jacquard knitted fabrics exhibit clear patterns, rich designs, a thick texture, stable structure, low extensibility, minimal pilling, and a soft and elastic handfeel, making them excellent materials for knitted outerwear.

11. Cấu trúc composite

Cấu trúc composite bao gồm sự kết hợp của hai hoặc nhiều cấu trúc vải. Nó có thể là sự kết hợp của các cấu trúc cơ bản khác nhau, các cấu trúc thay đổi khác nhau hoặc các cấu trúc màu sắc khác nhau. Dựa trên các đặc điểm của mỗi cấu trúc, cấu trúc composite có thể được tùy chỉnh để đạt được cấu trúc vải mong muốn. Cấu trúc gân và cấu trúc dệt kim jersey được kết hợp để tạo thành cấu trúc lớp không khí có gân, trong khi cấu trúc gân kép và cấu trúc dệt kim jersey được kết hợp để tạo thành cấu trúc lớp không khí có gân kép. Vải với các cấu trúc này dày đặc, dày, đàn hồi, cách nhiệt tốt và có độ dẻo ngang thấp, đảm bảo ổn định kích thước tốt. Nếu lớp bên ngoài của cấu trúc lớp không khí được dệt bằng sợi cotton và lớp lót bên trong được làm bằng sợi đàn hồi cao, nó sẽ trở thành vật liệu tuyệt vời cho đồ lót giữ nhiệt. Nó đặc biệt thích hợp để làm áo khoác nếu các loại sợi khác nhau được sử dụng ở mặt trước và mặt sau.

Combining incomplete rib structures with plain knit structures forms a dot structure, creating a tight and stable fabric surface with distinct dot effects. Jacquard structures combined with loop pile structures form jacquard loop pile structures, allowing different types of yarn to be used on the front and reverse sides. The front side exhibits prominent color effects, high abrasion resistance, while the reverse side is soft with strong moisture absorption, making it an excellent material for knitted outerwear. Polyester-cotton fabrics woven from two different materials, with the front side displaying polyester (chemical fiber) and the reverse side displaying cotton (natural fiber), are stiff, wrinkle-resistant, abrasion-resistant, colorfast, and the inner layer is soft, moisture-absorbing, breathable, insulating, and static-resistant, providing a comfortable wearing experience. Single-faced polyester-cotton fabrics using plain knit additional yarn structures, and double-faced polyester-cotton fabrics often use rib, double-rib loop float structures, or air layer structures, suitable for making sportswear, jackets, and fitness pants.

12. Chải vải dệt kim

Brushed knit fabric, also known as flannel, refers to a knitted fabric with a dense layer of short and fine fuzz covering its surface. It is divided into single-sided flannel and double-sided flannel. Single-sided flannel is formed by brushing the back of a backing weave, while double-sided flannel is generally created by brushing both sides of a double-knit fabric. After dyeing, brushed knit fabric can be processed into various varieties, such as bleached, super white, solid color, printed, and more. It can also be woven with dyed or blended yarns to produce solid or color-woven products.

13. Sheared Pile Fabric

Sheared pile fabric is produced by shearing the heads of the pile loops on the surface of a single-sided loop pile fabric and then brushing or pressing the pile to create a smooth pile surface, often referred to as velvet. Sheared pile fabric is typically made using chemical fibers for the fabric structure and using combed cotton, acrylic, polyester, or other fibers for the pile yarn. Various patterns, colors, and effects such as embossing or printing can be achieved through jacquard or colored yarns, as well as through shearing and pressing techniques, creating a variety of velvet designs.

14. Long Pile Fabric

Long pile fabric is an organization where fiber strips or yarns are fed into the weaving process along with the ground yarn, forming loops in the structure. Fibers attach to the fabric's reverse side in a tufted fashion. By weaving with a mixture of different synthetic fibers, the appearance resembles natural fur, earning it the nickname "artificial fur." Particularly, knitted artificial fur made from acrylic is lighter than natural fur, offering good insulation and wear resistance. The appearance closely mimics natural fur, and it is suitable for making winter outerwear. 

Tổ chức hoa văn không chỉ tạo ra nhiều mẫu khác nhau trên vải dệt kim để tăng cường ngoại hình của nó, mà còn thay đổi tính chất của vải, chẳng hạn như giảm rơi, làm cho vải dày hơn, dày hơn và ổn định hơn về kích thước. Điều này cung cấp một sự lựa chọn vật liệu phong phú cho sản xuất quần áo dệt kim thời trang và phong cách.